List of learning techniques
This page lists and classifies learning and teaching techniques.
Technique | Goal | Used by | Requirements | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Board technique | Better classroom presentation | Explainer | Classroom | |
Breaking the plane | Better classroom presentation | Explainer | Classroom | |
Classroom speech technique | Better classroom presentation | Explainer | Classroom | |
In-class desk work | Explainer | Classroom | ||
Polling | Reducing illusion of transparency | Explainer | Classroom | |
Cold calling | Reducing illusion of transparency | Explainer | Classroom | |
Define then discuss | Explainer | |||
Examples first | Explainer | |||
Problems first/meditations | Explainer | |||
Group calling | Explainer | Classroom | ||
Multiple-choice question | Explainer | |||
Questions or comments? | Explainer | Classroom | ||
Cramming | Passing a test (knowing subject well in a high-stakes situation) | Learner | ||
Spaced repetition/distributed practice | Long-term retention | Explainer, learner | Spaced repetition software, or some sort of mechanism as in the Leitner system | |
Blocked practice | Explainer, learner | |||
Interleaving | Explainer, learner | |||
Active recall | Retention (short-term or long-term), reducing illusion of understanding | Explainer, learner | Flashcards, interactive software, or some other device that reveals answers after a response | Used by explainer in e.g. cold calling, but used by learner in e.g. flashcards |
Passive recall | Retention (short-term or long-term) | Explainer, learner | Notes or book that one is reviewing | |
Quiz and recall | Retention (short-term or long-term), reducing illusion of understanding | |||
Use of worked examples | Reduction of cognitive load | Explainer | ||
Error-spotting exercise | Explainer | |||
Note-taking | Retention/distillation | Learner | ||
Explaining in one's own words | Learner | |||
Learning from multiple sources | Finding better explanations, communication, learning contingencies, learning in more breadth and depth | Learner | Multiple sources; see Learning from multiple sources ยง Applicability | |
Guessing what comes next/proving theorems yourself | Learner | |||
Presenting a common misconception | Explainer | |||
Building a subject from first-principles | Explainer | |||
Elaborative interrogation | ||||
Self-explanation | Reducing illusion of understanding | |||
Summarization | ||||
Highlighting/underlining | ||||
Keyword mnemonic | ||||
Mental imagery (e.g. keyword mnemonic) | ||||
Imagery for text | ||||
Rereading | ||||
Incremental reading |
See also
- List of learning strategies covers broader strategies to learn entire subjects
- List of learning measures
- Summary table of methods of recall