Presumption of learning failure

Definition

The presumption of learning failure is a mindset where it is presumed that any teaching or learning activity failed to achieve its intended purpose, and that any claim to the contrary faces a strong burden of proof. A presumption of learning failure is a useful mindset to combat the illusion of transparency, double illusion of transparency and illusion of explanatory depth. It may, however, be unduly pessimistic in some learning settings.