Just-in-time learning
Just-in-time learning seems to be the idea of looking things up as you need them (while trying to perform some task). For example, googling and reading Stack Overflow answers while trying to program an application.
"Two Studies of Opportunistic Programming: Interleaving Web Foraging, Learning, and Writing Code" Joel Brandt; Philip J. Guo; Joel Lewenstein; Mira Dontcheva; Scott R. Klemmer. [1]
https://www.google.com/search?q=just-in-time%20learning
See also
- List of learning strategies -- maybe just-in-time learning is closest in spirit to project-based learning
- Yak shaving